Understanding the registry in windows 7




















Computer Name, Domain, and Workgroup Settings In the Computer Name, Domain, And Workgroup settings section, you can change the name of the computer system and also change the workgroup or domain see Figure Windows Activation The Windows Activation section allows you to activate your Windows 7 operating system. The Windows Activation section also allows you to change your Product key before activating. Windows Remote Assistance allows an administrator to connect to a machine and control the mouse and keyboard while the user is on with the administrator.

This option can be enabled or disabled. Remote Desktop allows you to have your own session on the Windows 7 operating system. While you are logged on to the Windows 7 operating system through Remote Desktop, the user of the machine can't view the session.

There are three Remote Desktop options from which you can choose:. Don't allow connections from this machine Choosing this option denies anyone the ability to connect to this machine through Remote Desktop.

Allow connections from computers running any version of Remote Desktop less secure This setting allows any computer running Remote Desktop to connect to this. Windows 7 machine. These machines do not need to use Network Level Authentication, and that's what makes this connection type less secure. It allows Remote Desktop users to connect to the Windows 7 operating system securely. You also have the ability in Remote Desktop to specify which users have access to the Windows 7 machine through the use of Remote Desktop.

System Protection The System Protection section is for configuring restore points and recoverability for the Windows 7 operating system see Figure You can also manage disk space and manage all of your restore points from the System Protection section.

Advanced System Settings The Advanced System Settings section allows you to set up such items as visual effects, processor scheduling, memory usage, virtual memory, Desktop settings, system startup, and recoverability see Figure There are three main sections within the Advanced System Settings section:.

Performance The Performance section allows you to configure the visual effects, the virtual memory, processor scheduling, and the Data Execution Prevention for the Windows 7 operating system. The virtual memory is a section of the hard drive that is used by the system and RAM. Think of RAM as a pitcher of water.

As the water fills up the pitcher, the pitcher becomes full. Once it's full, more water would cause it to overflow. The virtual memory is the overflow for RAM. This way the system does not need to look at an entire hard drive for that data. It finds it in the virtual memory. The Data Execution Prevention section helps protect against damage from viruses and other security threats. User Profiles The User Profiles section allows you to copy, delete, or move a user's Desktop profile to another location or user account.

Startup and Recovery The Startup and Recovery section see Figure 25 allows you to configure which operating system will be booted by default important for dual-booting machines and what should happen when the system gets a startup error.

You can also configure the Device Manager from the System icon. Let's now take a look at how to configure some of the options using the System icon. Complete Exercise 4 to change the computer name. In the Computer Name field, rename your computer. Click OK. Registry keys are similar to folders — in addition to values, each key can contain subkeys, which may contain further subkeys, and so on.

Each subkey has a mandatory name, which is a non-empty string that cannot contain any backslash or null character and whose letter case is insignificant.

Like other files and services in Windows, all registry keys may be restricted by access control lists ACLs depending on user privileges, security tokens acquired by applications, or system security policies enforced by the system.

These restrictions may be predefined by the system itself, and configured by local system administrators or by domain administrators. Different users, programs, services or remote systems may only see some parts of the hierarchy or distinct hierarchies from the same root keys. The key located by HKLM is actually not stored on disk but maintained in memory by the system kernel in order to map all other subkeys.

Applications cannot create any additional subkeys. This key usually appears as empty for most users unless they are granted access by administrators of the local system or administrators of domains managing the local system. Each SAM database contains all built-in accounts mostly group aliases and configured accounts users, groups and their aliases, including guest accounts and administrator accounts created and configured on the respective domain, for each account in that domain, it notably contains the user name which can be used to log on that domain, the internal unique user identifier in the domain, their cryptographically hashed password on that domain, the location of storage of their user registry hive, various status flags for example if the account can be enumerated and be visible in the logon prompt screen , and the list of domains including the local domain into which the account was configured.

The kernel will access it to read and enforce the security policy applicable to the current user and all applications or operations executed by this user. This key is normally only writable by users with administrative privileges on the local system. Each configured Control Set contains:. This key contains software and Windows settings in the default hardware profile.

It is mostly modified by application and system installers. This key contains information gathered at runtime; information stored in this key is not permanently stored on disk, but rather regenerated at boot time. This key contains information about registered applications, such as file associations and OLE Object Class IDs, tying them to the applications used to handle these items.

The design allows for either machine- or user-specific registration of COM objects. The user-specific classes hive, unlike the HKCU hive, does not form part of a roaming user profile. This key stores settings that are specific to the currently logged-in user. Rolling back a system restore point is quite easy. While many people refuse to agree, the fact is that registry cleaners are pointless and should not be used.

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